Antibiotic susceptibility prediction using transformers

J. Inda-Diaz, A. Johnning, A. Sjöberg, A. Lokrantz, M. Jirstrand, M. Hessel, L. Helldal, L. Svensson, E. Kristiansson. Pacific Symposium on Biocomputing (PSB) 2023, January 3-7, Hawaii, USA.

Abstract

Background:

Antibiotic treatment depends on the susceptibility of the bacteria, typically estimated using cultivation-based methods that can be slow and time-consuming. Physicians empirical treatment has a considerable chance of failing or being unnecessarily broad.

Contribution:

Application of Natural Language Processing tools to predict antibiotic resistance from incomplete data. Development of a deep learning model that predicts the susceptibility of bacterial isolates to antibiotics. Uncertainty control to make predictions with pre-specified confidence for all possible outputs.

Dataset:

Susceptibility test data for 413,593 isolates from 30 European countries retrieved from The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. The isolates correspond to Escherichia coli obtained from blood samples.




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